This concerns a so-called preparatory phase, in which judges decide if there is sufficient evidence. Duterte is accused of crimes against humanity. The charges relate to his so-called war on drugs during his presidency from 2016 to 2022. In that context, thousands of people are said to have been killed.
According to the indictment, Duterte is responsible for dozens of specific murders. During the anti-drug campaign, small drug dealers, users, and others were killed without trial. Duterte defended his policy at the time as necessary for peace and order.
The human rights organization Amnesty International published investigations on extrajudicial executions and other human rights violations by the police and their superiors. The organization has concluded that the acts committed amount to crimes against humanity.
Promotion
Sick or healthy enough
The defense argued that the 80-year-old former president was unfit to participate in the proceedings due to cognitive impairments. Judges relied on advice from medical experts and ruled that he is capable of effectively exercising his procedural rights.
According to the judges, the mental capacities required to use procedural rights and the right to a fair trial do not have to be at the highest level. They declared themselves satisfied that he can participate in the preparatory hearings.
Duterte has been detained in The Hague since March 2025. He was arrested that year at Manila airport. His arrest has divided the Philippines. His hardline approach to drugs was sharply criticized but also found support among followers.
Supporters and opponents
Last May, despite his imprisonment, Duterte was elected mayor of Davao. After the current hearing, the judges will have time to decide whether the case should proceed to a formal trial.
Filipino exiles demonstrated at the prison on Monday. “The institution that former president Duterte mocked will now try him for murder as a crime against humanity. This is a symbolic moment.
It is a day of hope for families of victims and human rights defenders who, despite serious risks to their lives and safety, have tirelessly fought for justice for years.”