Apple has opposed the Digital Markets Act (DMA) since its introduction in 2022. The law requires large tech companies to open their platforms and provide access to competitors to prevent abuse of market power. Apple believes the rules lead to worsened service, reduced security, and delays in new features for European consumers.
A concrete example is live translation via AirPods. Apple states that the feature will be available later in Europe because engineers first need to verify that the technology complies with all EU requirements. The company also claims that mandatory cooperation with other (competing!) brands compromises user convenience and privacy. According to Apple, other companies can benefit without investing themselves.
The company therefore demands the repeal of the DMA rules and otherwise proposes a list of adjustments. Among other things, it advocates for an independent regulator, separate from the European Commission. Apple calls the Commission not a neutral arbiter and claims that political pressure influences decisions about enforcement.
The European Commission points out that the DMA only applies to so-called gatekeepers: platforms with such a large user base and market power that others can hardly bypass them. Apple falls into that category, Samsung does not. Apple calls this unfair and states that the DMA actually creates an uneven playing field.
In April, Apple was fined 500 million euros for obstructing app developers who wanted to redirect internet users to cheaper options outside the App Store. It was the first fine under the DMA directive. Apple appealed but has meanwhile adjusted its policy to prevent further sanctions.
According to Apple, the EU rules make doing business in Europe more difficult. The company warns that certain products, such as the Apple Watch, might no longer be available on the European market. Apple also says the DMA exposes consumers to risks from malicious apps, fake payment systems, and privacy issues that they had not known before.
The EU is currently conducting an evaluation of the so far voluntary DMA rules. Companies were allowed to provide feedback on the functioning of the law and its application to new technologies. Apple used this moment to submit its appeal. For now, however, the Commission holds firm to the rules and emphasizes that compliance is mandatory, even if it takes companies time.
The conflict takes place against a broader backdrop of transatlantic tensions. U.S. President Donald Trump has on multiple occasions threatened trade measures against countries that would disadvantage American tech companies. He calls the European rules a form of censorship and a threat to freedom of speech.