Since January 1, Bulgaria has been using the euro as its official currency. This makes the country the 21st member of the eurozone. The national currency, the lev, is being gradually replaced after years of preparation.
The transition is received in the country with both enthusiasm and skepticism. Supporters call it a historic step that brings Bulgaria closer to the European Union. At the same time, citizens express concerns about possible price increases.
Prices have been displayed in both lev and euro in stores and government services for some time. This dual display is meant to help consumers get used to the change and prevent unexpected price shifts.
The euro introduction coincides with a tense political situation. Last month, the Bulgarian government resigned following persistent large demonstrations against the regime in Sofia. The protests focused in part on ongoing corruption and administrative failure.
Criticism also comes from Brussels. The European Commission has suspended the disbursement of part of the European subsidies to Bulgaria. According to the Commission, measures against corruption have been insufficiently implemented.
This suspension is separate from the euro adoption but highlights broader concerns about governance and the rule of law in the country. There is uncertainty about the duration and conditions of the suspension.
Bulgaria has approximately 6.4 million inhabitants and is considered one of the poorer EU countries. The country joined the EU in 2007. Successive governments have viewed the euro as a potential support for economic stability.
Foreign Russian influence also plays a role in public debate. Several discussions point to the spreading of rumors and disinformation and the incitement of geopolitical tensions, although the exact extent of that influence remains unclear.