The country wants to join the EU but must then implement improvements in its governance. The EU ties support payments to measurable progress on this reform agenda.
Ukraine has agreed with the EU on sixteen policy areas where improvements must be made to qualify for membership. These areas range from legal reforms to economic transparency.
Progress is evaluated every month. If the assessment is negative, this can directly affect the amount and pace of financial aid.
In the recent evaluation, Brussels decided to reduce the fourth tranche of the aid package. Ukraine will now receive 3.05 billion euros instead of the previously planned 4.5 billion. This reduction of 1.45 billion euros is linked to lagging reforms.
An additional new focus is the reform of the two national anti-corruption bureaus. The European Union demands that Kyiv provide clarity on how the powers of these institutions are guaranteed.
As long as this clarity is lacking, Brussels will not make further payments. The European Commission views independent anti-corruption efforts as a core condition for continued support.
Critics warn that the investigative work of the anti-corruption bodies risks being curtailed. The planned reforms could lead to the prosecutor general gaining more control over these agencies, which may endanger their political independence. Kyiv, however, insists there is no interference and that the reforms are intended precisely to act more effectively against corruption.
Ukraine has made progress on several fronts in recent months, but the pace is insufficient in some areas. European officials emphasize that Ukraine must continue on a credible path. Only then can the trust of EU institutions be maintained, and subsequent tranches of aid become available.
Although Kyiv insists that the reform process is complex and time-consuming, the EU holds to the principle of 'money for results.' This means further financial assistance will only follow if demonstrable reforms are implemented.