The European Commission presented its annual climate progress report this week with a moderately optimistic tone. The report shows that greenhouse gas emissions in the EU decreased by 32.5 percent in 2022. This means that just over a 20 percent reduction is still needed in the remaining years up to 2030.
The figures from EU Climate Commissioner Wopke Hoekstra are based on preliminary data through 2022. That year, EU emissions fell by 2 percent compared to 2021, despite the reopening of coal plants in some EU countries. This decline is partly the result of higher energy prices and energy-saving measures following the Russian invasion of Ukraine.
According to the Commission, the EU must increase its efforts to actually meet the targets. Although the trend is positive, there are concerns about the pace at which additional measures are being implemented. European climate policy requires stricter rules for industry, transport, and agriculture, sectors where emissions are declining more slowly.
Progress varies greatly by country. Some countries are far ahead of schedule, while others lag behind. The Commission does not name specific countries but emphasizes that national governments remain responsible for implementing agreed measures within the European framework.
The European Emissions Trading System (ETS) plays an important role in reducing industrial emissions. The expansion of the ETS to other sectors, such as buildings and transport, is expected to help achieve the overall reduction. This expansion is part of the broader EU “Fit for 55” package.
Besides emission reduction, the share of renewable energy is also increasing. In 2022, about 23 percent of European energy consumption came from renewable sources. The EU targets at least 42.5 percent by 2030. Although this requires a substantial increase, the growth in solar and wind energy is seen as encouraging.